Tables from:
Brandt, R.E., S.G. Warren, A.P. Worby, and T.C. Grenfell: Surface Albedo of the Antarctic Sea-ice Zone. Journal of Climate, Vol. 18, No. 17, pp. 3606-3622, 2005.
Table 4. Average broadband solar ("allwave") albedo for clear sky with solar zenith angle 60°, in 2.5-degree latitude zones, obtained from Equation 4, for four seasons, for the five longitudinal sectors identified in Figure 6. The values for SON and DJF are plotted in Figure 10.
|
ALLWAVE
CLEAR SKY |
||||||||||
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
September-October-November |
December-January-February |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.09 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.16 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.22 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.43 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.08 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.49 |
0.17 |
0.13 |
0.07 |
0.61 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.13 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.60 |
0.46 |
0.36 |
0.12 |
0.72 |
0.12 |
0.13 |
0.09 |
0.07 |
0.17 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.60 |
0.40 |
0.67 |
0.32 |
0.72 |
0.24 |
0.37 |
0.18 |
0.09 |
0.26 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.54 |
0.42 |
0.72 |
0.62 |
0.70 |
0.36 |
0.58 |
0.31 |
0.17 |
0.33 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.40 |
-- |
0.72 |
0.74 |
0.66 |
0.38 |
-- |
0.36 |
0.48 |
0.46 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.70 |
0.65 |
0.65 |
-- |
-- |
0.38 |
0.37 |
0.53 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.63 |
0.50 |
0.61 |
-- |
-- |
0.26 |
0.45 |
0.33 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.52 |
-- |
0.60 |
-- |
-- |
0.18 |
-- |
0.38 |
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
March-April-May |
June-July-August |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.13 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.11 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.32 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.11 |
0.33 |
0.17 |
0.10 |
0.08 |
0.52 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.13 |
0.18 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.20 |
0.58 |
0.50 |
0.37 |
0.11 |
0.65 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.28 |
0.41 |
0.16 |
0.08 |
0.28 |
0.66 |
0.49 |
0.64 |
0.24 |
0.69 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.34 |
0.49 |
0.39 |
0.18 |
0.36 |
0.51 |
0.49 |
0.75 |
0.56 |
0.64 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.31 |
-- |
0.45 |
0.51 |
0.44 |
0.38 |
-- |
0.74 |
0.70 |
0.73 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.55 |
0.57 |
0.47 |
-- |
-- |
0.72 |
0.64 |
0.71 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.51 |
0.54 |
0.47 |
-- |
-- |
0.71 |
0.49 |
0.66 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.32 |
-- |
0.48 |
-- |
-- |
0.61 |
-- |
0.66 |
Table 5. Average broadband solar ("allwave") albedo for cloudy sky in 2.5-degree latitude zones, obtained from Equation 4, for four seasons, for the five longitudinal sectors identified in Figure 6. (Same as Table 4 but for cloudy sky; i.e., using the cloudy-sky values of albedo for each ice type from Table 1.)
|
ALLWAVE
CLOUDY SKY |
||||||||||
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
September-October-November |
December-January-February |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.09 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.17 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.24 |
0.08 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.46 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.08 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.53 |
0.18 |
0.13 |
0.08 |
0.65 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.13 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.64 |
0.49 |
0.38 |
0.12 |
0.77 |
0.12 |
0.14 |
0.09 |
0.07 |
0.18 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.64 |
0.44 |
0.72 |
0.34 |
0.77 |
0.26 |
0.40 |
0.19 |
0.09 |
0.28 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.58 |
0.45 |
0.77 |
0.66 |
0.75 |
0.39 |
0.64 |
0.34 |
0.18 |
0.35 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.43 |
-- |
0.77 |
0.79 |
0.71 |
0.42 |
-- |
0.39 |
0.52 |
0.50 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.75 |
0.70 |
0.70 |
-- |
-- |
0.41 |
0.40 |
0.59 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.68 |
0.53 |
0.65 |
-- |
-- |
0.28 |
0.50 |
0.35 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.56 |
-- |
0.64 |
-- |
-- |
0.19 |
-- |
0.42 |
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
March-April-May |
June-July-August |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.13 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.11 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.34 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.11 |
0.35 |
0.17 |
0.10 |
0.08 |
0.56 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.14 |
0.19 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.21 |
0.62 |
0.54 |
0.39 |
0.11 |
0.69 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.30 |
0.44 |
0.17 |
0.08 |
0.30 |
0.71 |
0.53 |
0.68 |
0.25 |
0.74 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.37 |
0.52 |
0.41 |
0.20 |
0.38 |
0.55 |
0.53 |
0.80 |
0.60 |
0.69 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.33 |
-- |
0.48 |
0.55 |
0.48 |
0.41 |
-- |
0.80 |
0.75 |
0.78 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.59 |
0.61 |
0.51 |
-- |
-- |
0.77 |
0.69 |
0.76 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.54 |
0.58 |
0.50 |
-- |
-- |
0.76 |
0.52 |
0.71 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.34 |
-- |
0.52 |
-- |
-- |
0.65 |
-- |
0.70 |
Table 6. Average albedo for the visible band (l<700 nm) in 2.5-degree latitude zones, obtained from Equation 4, for four seasons, for the five longitudinal sectors identified in Figure 6. Table 3 was used for the albedos of each ice type. [In this spectral band, the albedo is nearly the same whether the sky is clear or cloudy.]
|
GCM
VISIBLE BAND (l<700 nm)
CLEAR SKY and CLOUDY SKY |
||||||||||
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
September-October-November |
December-January-February |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.10 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.18 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.25 |
0.08 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.51 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.08 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.58 |
0.19 |
0.14 |
0.08 |
0.72 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.14 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.71 |
0.54 |
0.43 |
0.13 |
0.84 |
0.13 |
0.15 |
0.10 |
0.07 |
0.20 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.71 |
0.48 |
0.80 |
0.37 |
0.85 |
0.29 |
0.45 |
0.21 |
0.10 |
0.30 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.64 |
0.50 |
0.85 |
0.73 |
0.82 |
0.43 |
0.71 |
0.37 |
0.19 |
0.39 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.47 |
-- |
0.85 |
0.87 |
0.78 |
0.46 |
-- |
0.43 |
0.58 |
0.55 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.83 |
0.77 |
0.77 |
-- |
-- |
0.46 |
0.44 |
0.64 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.75 |
0.58 |
0.72 |
-- |
-- |
0.31 |
0.54 |
0.39 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.61 |
-- |
0.71 |
-- |
-- |
0.21 |
-- |
0.46 |
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
March-April-May |
June-July-August |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.14 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.12 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.37 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.07 |
0.12 |
0.38 |
0.19 |
0.10 |
0.08 |
0.61 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.15 |
0.20 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.23 |
0.67 |
0.59 |
0.42 |
0.11 |
0.76 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.32 |
0.48 |
0.18 |
0.09 |
0.32 |
0.77 |
0.58 |
0.74 |
0.27 |
0.81 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.40 |
0.57 |
0.45 |
0.22 |
0.41 |
0.60 |
0.58 |
0.88 |
0.66 |
0.76 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.36 |
-- |
0.53 |
0.60 |
0.52 |
0.44 |
-- |
0.88 |
0.83 |
0.86 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.65 |
0.68 |
0.55 |
-- |
-- |
0.85 |
0.76 |
0.84 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.59 |
0.64 |
0.55 |
-- |
-- |
0.83 |
0.57 |
0.78 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.37 |
-- |
0.56 |
-- |
-- |
0.71 |
-- |
0.77 |
Table 7. Average albedo for the near-IR band (l>700 nm) under clear sky in 2.5-degree latitude zones, obtained from Equation 4, for four seasons, for the five longitudinal sectors identified in Figure 6. Table 3 was used for the albedos of each ice type.
|
GCM
NEAR-INFRARED BAND (l>700 nm)
CLEAR SKY |
||||||||||
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
September-October-November |
December-January-February |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.08 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.13 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.18 |
0.07 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.35 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.07 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.39 |
0.14 |
0.10 |
0.06 |
0.49 |
0.07 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.10 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.48 |
0.37 |
0.27 |
0.10 |
0.58 |
0.09 |
0.10 |
0.08 |
0.06 |
0.13 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.48 |
0.32 |
0.54 |
0.26 |
0.58 |
0.19 |
0.28 |
0.14 |
0.08 |
0.20 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.43 |
0.33 |
0.58 |
0.50 |
0.56 |
0.27 |
0.43 |
0.24 |
0.13 |
0.25 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.32 |
-- |
0.58 |
0.59 |
0.52 |
0.29 |
-- |
0.28 |
0.36 |
0.34 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.56 |
0.52 |
0.51 |
-- |
-- |
0.29 |
0.28 |
0.40 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.51 |
0.40 |
0.48 |
-- |
-- |
0.20 |
0.34 |
0.25 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.42 |
-- |
0.47 |
-- |
-- |
0.14 |
-- |
0.29 |
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
March-April-May |
June-July-August |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.11 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.09 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.26 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.09 |
0.27 |
0.14 |
0.08 |
0.07 |
0.42 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.11 |
0.15 |
0.07 |
0.06 |
0.17 |
0.47 |
0.40 |
0.30 |
0.09 |
0.52 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.23 |
0.33 |
0.13 |
0.07 |
0.23 |
0.54 |
0.39 |
0.51 |
0.19 |
0.56 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.28 |
0.39 |
0.31 |
0.15 |
0.29 |
0.42 |
0.39 |
0.60 |
0.45 |
0.52 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.25 |
-- |
0.36 |
0.41 |
0.36 |
0.31 |
-- |
0.60 |
0.56 |
0.59 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.44 |
0.46 |
0.38 |
-- |
-- |
0.58 |
0.52 |
0.57 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.41 |
0.43 |
0.38 |
-- |
-- |
0.57 |
0.39 |
0.53 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.25 |
-- |
0.39 |
-- |
-- |
0.49 |
-- |
0.53 |
Table 8. Average albedo for the near-IR band (l>700 nm) under cloudy sky in 2.5-degree latitude zones, obtained from Equation 4, for four seasons, for the five longitudinal sectors identified in Figure 6. Cloudy-sky values from Table 3 were used for the albedos of each ice type. [Table 8 is the same as Table 7 but for cloudy sky.]
|
GCM NEAR-INFRARED BAND (l>700 nm) CLOUDY
SKY |
||||||||||
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
September-October-November |
December-January-February |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.08 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.14 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.20 |
0.07 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.38 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.07 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.43 |
0.15 |
0.11 |
0.06 |
0.54 |
0.07 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.11 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.53 |
0.40 |
0.30 |
0.10 |
0.64 |
0.10 |
0.11 |
0.08 |
0.06 |
0.14 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.53 |
0.35 |
0.60 |
0.28 |
0.64 |
0.21 |
0.31 |
0.15 |
0.08 |
0.22 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.48 |
0.36 |
0.64 |
0.55 |
0.61 |
0.30 |
0.49 |
0.27 |
0.14 |
0.28 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.35 |
-- |
0.64 |
0.65 |
0.58 |
0.32 |
-- |
0.31 |
0.41 |
0.39 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.62 |
0.58 |
0.57 |
-- |
-- |
0.32 |
0.31 |
0.45 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.56 |
0.44 |
0.53 |
-- |
-- |
0.22 |
0.39 |
0.28 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.46 |
-- |
0.52 |
-- |
-- |
0.15 |
-- |
0.33 |
|
Latitude Range (°S) |
March-April-May |
June-July-August |
||||||||
|
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
Ind |
Aust |
Ross |
West |
Wedd |
|
|
55.0-57.5 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.11 |
|
57.5-60.0 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.10 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.28 |
|
60.0-62.5 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.06 |
0.09 |
0.29 |
0.15 |
0.09 |
0.07 |
0.46 |
|
62.5-65.0 |
0.12 |
0.16 |
0.07 |
0.06 |
0.18 |
0.51 |
0.44 |
0.33 |
0.09 |
0.58 |
|
65.0-67.5 |
0.25 |
0.36 |
0.14 |
0.07 |
0.25 |
0.59 |
0.43 |
0.57 |
0.21 |
0.61 |
|
67.5-70.0 |
0.30 |
0.43 |
0.34 |
0.16 |
0.31 |
0.46 |
0.43 |
0.66 |
0.50 |
0.57 |
|
70.0-72.5 |
0.27 |
-- |
0.40 |
0.45 |
0.39 |
0.34 |
-- |
0.66 |
0.62 |
0.65 |
|
72.5-75.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.49 |
0.51 |
0.42 |
-- |
-- |
0.64 |
0.57 |
0.63 |
|
75.0-77.5 |
-- |
-- |
0.45 |
0.48 |
0.41 |
-- |
-- |
0.63 |
0.43 |
0.59 |
|
77.5-80.0 |
-- |
-- |
0.27 |
-- |
0.43 |
-- |
-- |
0.54 |
-- |
0.58 |