\begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.87\textwidth]{1_amp_phase_with_obs.pdf}%C:\research\aqua_depth\figures\temp_amp\amp_phase.pdf} \caption{(Top) The seasonal amplitude of atmospheric temperature at the surface (solid lines) and at 600 hPa (dashed lines) in the slab-ocean aquaplanet simulations (Left Panel) and observations (Right Panel). The different ocean mixed layer depths are indicated by the colorbar below the plot. (Bottom) Phase lag of seasonal cycle of atmospheric column integrated temperature with respect to insolation in the slab-ocean aquaplanet simulations (Left) and observations (Right).} \label{fig_1} \end{figure} \efloatseparator \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.87\textwidth]{2_temp_phase.pdf}%C:\research\aqua_depth\figures\temp_amp\amp_phase.pdf} \caption{Meridional-height cross sections of the phase of the seasonal cycle of atmospheric temperature in each of the slab-ocean aquaplanet simulations (upper panels) and the observations (lower panels). Values are expressed as the phase lag relative to the insolation.} \label{fig_2} \end{figure} \efloatseparator \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.87\textwidth]{3_heating_with_obs.pdf}%C:\research\aqua_depth\figures\temp_amp\amp_phase.pdf} \caption{Time series of atmospheric heating averaged over the Northern Extratropics defined as poleward of 40$^{\circ}$N. The total atmospheric heating (bottom panel) is decomposed into contributions from solar absorption in the atmospheric column (top) and surface energy fluxes (middle panel). The annual mean value of each contribution has been subtracted from the time series. The different ocean mixed layer depths are indicated by the color in the colorbar at the bottom and the observations in the Northern and Southern hemisphere are shown by the solid and dashed purple lines respectively. The SH curve has been shifted by half a year. The dashed solid lines represnt the phase of the seasonal cycle and the solid black line is the summer solstice.} \label{fig_3} \end{figure} \efloatseparator \begin{figure} \centering \includegraphics[width=0.87\textwidth]{4_AMP_PHASE_ALL.pdf}%C:\research\aqua_depth\figures\temp_amp\amp_phase.pdf} \caption{(Top Panel) The normalized seasonal amplitude of energy fluxes to the extratropics, defined as the amplitude of the annual harmonic in phase with the total atmospheric heating (\textit{SWABS} + \textit{SHF}). The amplitude is normalized by the amplitude of the total heating to demonstrate the relative amplitude of the terms in the different mixed layer depth experiments. (Bottom Panel) The phase of the various energy flux terms in the extratropics. The temperature is the atmospheric column integrated temperature. The red and black dashed vertical lines represent the solstice and equinox respectively.} \label{fig_3} \end{figure} \efloatseparator